| Anglais > Grammaire > Verbes > Past > Simple Past | Past Be + ing - Perfect - Perfect Be + ing |
Le Simple Past est le temps du passé le plus employé en anglais. Il s'emploie pour parler d'une action ponctuelle ou habituelle dans le passé, et aussi dans l'irréel.
A l'affirmatif,
il se forme en ajoutant la
terminaison 'ed'
au verbe (s'il
est
régulier). Pour le verbe
'work', cela donne 'worked'
à
toutes les personnes.
Au négatif et à l'interrogatif, apparaît
l'auxiliaire 'did', et la
marque 'ed' disparait du
verbe.
| Forme affirmative | Forme négative | Forme interrogative | ||
| complète | complète | contractée | affirmative | nég. contractée |
| I worked | I did not work | I didn't work | Did I work? | Didn't I work? |
| he worked | he did not work | he didn't work | Did he work? | Didn't he work? |
| we worked | we did not work | we didn't work | Did we work? | Didn't we work? |
| you worked | you did not work | you didn't work | Did you work? | Didn't you work? |
| they worked | they did not work | they didn't work | Did they work? | Didn't they work? |
| Exercice | Exercice | Exercice | Exercice | |
Le Simple Past
est une des façons de traduire le passé composé français, une autre
étant le Present Perfect.
Il faut donc bien distinguer
les deux temps en anglais.
Le Simple Past s'utilise
quand l'action du verbe est clairement située au passé, avec
l'utilisation de mots ou d'expressions comme 'yesterday' (hier), 'last week' (la semaine dernière),
...
| Le Simple Past correspond généralement à l'un de ces deux temps français : | Passé composé (action ponctuelle) : I worked yesterday. = J'ai travaillé hier. |
| Imparfait (habitude) : I worked a lot in the past. = Je travaillais beaucoup autrefois. |
Exercices de traduction 1 - 2 - 3 -
| Pour les verbes réguliers, le 'ed' se prononce : |
|
[t] après une consonne sourde : he
worked, she hoped,
Peter laughed
|
|
[d] après une consonne sonore ou
une voyelle:
this man loved, it opened, she traveled,
she enjoyed, he ordered,...
|
|
Attention, les verbes terminés
par 'y'
précédé d'une consonne voient ce 'y' transformé à
l'écrit en "i": she carried,
he hurried, it dried,
...
|
|
[id] après les sons [t]: he
rated, [d]: she
padded
|
ATTENTION: Les verbes
irréguliers
ne forment pas leur simple
past en 'ed'.
Par exemple : go (aller) > he
went
(il
est allé).
Il
faut apprendre la forme correspondante pour chacun.
Voix passive : Au passif, le Simple Past se forme en conjuguant l'auxiliaire be à ce temps, et en mettant le verbe au participe passé.
| Forme affirmative | Forme négative | Forme interrogative | |||
| complète | complète | contractée | affirmative | nég.complète | nég. contractée |
| I was called | I was not called | I wasn't called | was I called? | was I not called? | wasn't I called? |
| he was called | he was not called | he wasn't called | was he called? | was he not called? | wasn't he called? |
| we were called | we were not called | we weren't called | were we called? | were we not called? | weren't we called? |
| you were called | you were not called | you weren't called | were you called? | were you not called? | weren't you called? |
| they were called | they were not called | they weren't called | were they called? | were they not called? | weren't they called? |