Anglais > Grammaire > Verbes > Past >Past Perfect Simple - Be + ing - Perfect Be + ing

Le Past Perfect, aussi appelé Pluperfect, est un temps du passé qui permet de situer un événement passé par rapport à un autre événement passé. Il correspond au plus-que-parfait français.

When the police arrived, the gangster had already disappeared. Quand la police arriva, le gangster avait déjà disparu.

Il se forme avec l'auxiliaire 'had' ('have' au passé), et le verbe au participe passé. Pour le verbe 'work', cela donne 'had worked' à toutes les personnes :

Forme affirmative Forme négative Forme interrogative
complète contractée complète contractée affirmative nég. contractée
I had worked I 'd worked I had not worked I hadn't worked Had I worked? Hadn't I worked?
he had worked he 'd worked he had not worked he hadn't worked Had he worked? Hadn't he worked?
we had worked we 'd worked we had not worked we hadn't worked Had we worked? Hadn't we worked?
you had worked you 'd worked you had not worked you hadn't worked Had you worked? Hadn't you worked?
they had worked they 'd worked they had not worked they hadn't worked Had they worked? Hadn't they worked?
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Exercice de traduction 1 - Exercice de traduction 2 -

Il existe un Past Perfect Be + Ving, qui considère l'action dans sa durée.

ATTENTION: La forme du verbe en 'ed' est le 'past participle'. Il faut apprendre la forme correspondante pour chacun des verbes irréguliers.

Pour les verbes réguliers, ce 'ed' se prononce:

[t] après une consonne sourde : he has worked, she has hoped, Peter has laughed

[d] après une consonne sonore ou une voyelle: this man loved, it opened, she traveled, she enjoyed, he ordered,...

Attention, les verbes terminés par 'y' précédé d'une consonne voient ce 'y' transformé à l'écrit en "i": she carried, he hurried, it dried, ...

[id] après les sons [t]: he rated, [d]: she padded

Le Past Perfect Be + Ving est un des temps du Perfect :


 Simple be + Ving
Present I have worked I have been working
Past I had worked I had been working
 

Voix passive :

Forme affirmative Forme négative Forme interrogative  
complète contractée complète contractée affirmative nég. contractée
I had been called I'd been called I had not been called I'd not been called Had I been called? Hadn't I been called?
he had been called he'd been called he had not been called he'd not been called Had he been called? Hadn't he been called?
we had been called we'd been called we had not been called we'd not been called Had we been called? Hadn't we been called?
you had been called you'd been called you had not been called you'd not been called Had you been called? Hadn't you been called?
they had been called they'd been called they had not been called they'd not been called Had they been called? Hadn't they been called?