Anglais > Grammaire > Verbes

Un verbe est un mot qui se conjugue. En anglais, la conjugaison se fait par l'association d'auxiliaires et de formes : He is working. = Il travaille.

Auxiliaires
La conjugaison des verbes anglais a souvent recours à des auxiliaires :
Be auxiliaire de l'aspect Be + Ving (present / past) et du Passif
Have auxiliaire de l'aspect Perfect (present / past)
Do auxiliaire du Simple Present, qui devient Did au Simple Past
Modaux : Must, Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Should, ...
Formes
Un verbe anglais régulier peut prendre 4 formes : 
V work (base verbale) = le verbe à sa forme la plus simple (simple present affirmatif sauf 3° personne, impératif).
Vs works = forme de la troisième personne du singulier du simple present affirmatif.
Ving working = forme notamment utilisée pour la formation de l'aspect Be + Ving (present / past).
Ved worked = forme du Simple past affirmatif ou du Past participleCette forme est irrégulière pour environ 180 verbes.
There be (il y a) - Question tags -

Le verbe peut se conjuguer selon les opérations suivantes :
x
PRESENT

Simple present

Present Be + Ving

Present perfect 

Present perfect Be + Ving

I work

I am working

I have worked

I have been working

you work

you are working

you have worked

you have been working

he works

he is working

he has worked

he has been working

we work

we are working

we have worked

we have been working

you work

you are working

you have worked

you have been working

they work

they are working

they have worked

they have been working

PAST


Simple past

Past Be + Ving

Past perfect 

Past perfect Be + Ving

I worked

I was working

I had worked

I had been working

you worked

you were working

you had worked

you had been working

he worked

he was working

he had worked

he had been working

we worked

we were working

we had worked

we had been working

you worked

you were working

you had worked

you had been working

they worked

they were working

they had worked

they had been working

x
PRESENT

Simple present

Present Be + Ving

Present perfect 

Present perfect Be + Ving

I do not work

I am not working

I have not worked

I have not been working

you do not work

you are not working

you have not worked

you have not been working

he does not work

he is not working

he has not worked

he has not been working

we do not work

we are not working

we have not worked

we have not been working

you do not work

you are not working

you have not worked

you have not been working

they do not work

they are not working

they have not worked

they have not been working

PAST


Simple past

Past Be + Ving

Past perfect 

Past perfect Be + Ving

I did not work

I was not working

I had not worked

I had not been working

you did not work

you were not working

you had not worked

you had not been working

he did not work

he was not working

he had not worked

he had not been working

we did not work

we were not working

we had not worked

we had not been working

you did not work

you were not working

you had not worked

you had not been working

they did not work

they were not working

they had not worked

they had not been working

x
PRESENT

Simple present

Present Be + Ving

Present perfect 

Present perfect Be + Ving

Do I work?

Am I working?

Have I worked?

Have been working?

Do you work?

Are you working?

Have you worked?

Have you been working?

Does he work?

Is he working?

Has he worked?

Has he been working?

Do we work?

Are we working?

Have we worked?

Have we been working?

Do you work?

Are you working?

Have you worked?

Have you been working?

Do they work?

Are they working?

Have they worked?

Have they been working?

PAST


Simple past

Past Be + Ving

Past perfect 

Past perfect Be + Ving

Did I work?

Was I working?

Had I worked?

Had been working?

Did you work?

Were you working?

Had you worked?

Had you been working?

Did he work?

Was he working?

Had he worked?

Had he been working?

Did we work?

Were we working?

Had we worked?

Had we been working?

Did you work?

Were you working?

Had you worked?

Had you been working?

Did they work?

Were they working?

Had they worked?

Had they been working?

x
PRESENT

Simple present

Present Be + Ving

Present perfect

Present perfect Be + Ving

Don't I work?

Aren't I working?

Haven't I worked?

Haven't been working?

Don't you work?

Aren't you working?

Haven't you worked?

Haven't you been working?

Doesn't he work?

Isn't he working?

Hasn't he worked?

Hasn't he been working?

Don't we work?

Aren't we working?

Haven't we worked?

Haven't we been working?

Don't you work?

Aren't you working?

Haven't you worked?

Haven't you been working?

Don't they work?

Aren't they working?

Haven't they worked?

Haven't they been working?

PAST


Simple past

Past Be + Ving

Past perfect

Past perfect Be + Ving

Didn't I work?

Wasn't I working?

Hadn't I worked?

Hadn't been working?

Didn't you work?

Weren't you working?

Hadn't you worked?

Hadn't you been working?

Didn't he work?

Wasn't he working?

Hadn't he worked?

Hadn't he been working?

Didn't we work?

Weren't we working?

Hadn't we worked?

Hadn't we been working?

Didn't you work?

Weren't you working?

Hadn't you worked?

Hadn't you been working?

Didn't they work?

Weren't they working?

Hadn't they worked?

Hadn't they been working?


Temps
La conjugaison d'un verbe anglais se fait selon 2 temps (tenses : present / past) et 3 aspects (simple / be + Ving / perfect).

Active
2

t
e
m
p
s
Present 3
as-
pects
Simple present he works Simple present ou Present + Be Ving ?         Imperative

Passive
Present Be + Ving he is working Present perfect be + Ving he has been working
Present Perfect he has worked Present Perfect ou Simple past ?
Past 3
as-
pects
Simple past he worked


Past Be + Ving he was working

Past perfect be + Ving he had been working
Past Perfect he had worked      

Modals
 Formes du présent
Will May  Can  Shall  Must


 Formes du passé
Would Might  Could  Should  

La correspondance de traduction entre les temps du français et les temps de l'anglais est généralement la suivante :
Français English Exercices
Présent de l'indicatif  Habituellement, il travaille bien. Usually he works well. Simple present 1 - 2 - cours
Il travaille en ce moment. (il est en train de travailler ...) He is working at the moment. Present be + Ving
Il travaille ici depuis 2001. He has worked here since 2001. Present perfect 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - cours
Passé composé Il a déjà travaillé ici. He has already worked here.
Il a travaillé ici en 2002. (= il travailla ...) He worked here in 2002. Simple past
Imparfait (habitude) Il travaillait bien dans sa jeunesse. He worked well in his youth. (He used to work ...) 7 - 8 - cours
Imparfait (action en cours dans le passé) Il travaillait quand le téléphone a sonné. He was working when the phone rang. Past be + Ving
Plus-que-parfait Il avait déjà travaillé ici. He had already worked here. Past perfect 9 - cours
Futur simple Il travaillera ici dorénavant. He will work here from now on. Will + V 10 - 11 - 12 - 13
Futur antérieur Il aura assez travaillé pour gagner un bon salaire. He will have worked enough to earn a good salary. Will + have + Ved
Conditionnel présent Il travaillerait bien, s'il avait un bon salaire. He would work well, if he had a good salary. Would + V
Conditionnel passé Il aurait bien travaillé, s'il avait eu un bon salaire. He would have worked well, if he had had a good salary. Would + have + Ved

Voir aussi :
Les verbes à particule (phrasal verbs)
La traduction des verbes pronominaux français
Les verbes d'état
Les adverbes